Cannabigerol (CBG) is rapidly gaining recognition in the world of cannabinoids for its potential therapeutic benefits. Unlike THC, which is known for its psychoactive effects, or CBD, which has gained popularity for its calming properties, CBG remains lesser known yet equally significant.
Derived from Cannabis sativa, a plant rich in various cannabinoids including CBD and CBG, it is valued for its biological and therapeutic properties. As research on CBG expands, scientists and consumers alike are beginning to appreciate its unique properties and how it interacts with the body’s ECS.
In this article, we explore what CBG is, how it works, and its potential benefits.
What is Cannabigerol (CBG)?
Cannabigerol (CBG) is a lesser-known cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant, often referred to as the “mother of all cannabinoids.” Unlike THC and CBD, which are more abundant, CBG exists in smaller quantities, making it a minor cannabinoid.
However, its importance is undeniable, as CBG is the precursor to THC and CBD. The acidic form of CBG, CBGA (cannabigerolic acid), breaks down into these well-known compounds as the cannabis plant matures.
The first human clinical trial exploring the acute effects and possible benefits of CBG on anxiety and stress produced promising results, demonstrating that CBG may be able to effectively reduce anxiety without the intoxication typically associated with cannabis.
How CBG Works
CBG interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS) to make its magic happen. This complex system is an intricate network in the human body responsible for maintaining homeostasis and regulating various physiological processes.
This system includes cannabinoid receptors, specifically CB1 and CB2 receptors, which are found throughout the body, including the nervous system and immune system. Based on early research, when CBG binds to these receptors, it may influence inflammation, pain perception, and mood regulation.
Unlike THC, which strongly binds to CB1 receptors and produces psychoactive effects, CBG has a weaker binding affinity, making it non-psychoactive while still offering therapeutic benefits. Additionally, CBG does not produce noticeable subjective drug effects, making it a safe, non-intoxicating option.
Potential Health Benefits of CBG
Research suggests that CBG may offer various potential health benefits due to its interaction with cannabinoid receptors and other biological pathways. Some of the most promising therapeutic effects of CBG include:
Anti-inflammatory properties
CBG has been studied for its ability to reduce inflammatory diseases like ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis by modulating anti-inflammatory cytokines.
Pain relief
Studies indicate that CBG’s effects may help with chronic pain and muscle spasms, making it a potential alternative for managing discomfort without the intoxicating effects of THC.
Neuroprotection
CBG is showing promise in brain health, particularly concerning neurodegenerative diseases. Studies suggest that CBG may help protect nerve cells and reduce cognitive or motor impairments associated with conditions like Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis.
Additionally, some research explores CBG’s ability to decrease anxiety and stress levels, making it a candidate for treating anxiety disorders without the side effects of conventional anxiety medications. CBG may also help alleviate withdrawal symptoms associated with nicotine addiction.
Blood pressure regulation
Preliminary research suggests that CBG may contribute to lower blood pressure and support cardiovascular health.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Research suggests that CBG may hold therapeutic potential for treating IBD. A study published in the Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology found that CBG reduced inflammation and improved symptoms in patients with IBD.
A study in the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics demonstrated that CBG inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced inflammation in a mouse model of experimental IBD.
These findings indicate that CBG could be a valuable treatment option for IBD, although further research is necessary to confirm its efficacy in human clinical trials.
How CBG is Consumed
CBG can be consumed in various ways, each offering unique benefits:
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Oils and Tinctures – Taken sublingually (under the tongue) for quick absorption or added to food and drinks for a gradual effect.
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Capsules – A discreet and convenient option for consistent daily use.
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Topicals – Applied directly to the skin for localized pain and inflammation relief.
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Edibles – CBG-infused gummies and chocolates offer a longer-lasting effect due to digestion-based absorption.
Potential Side Effects of CBG
While CBG is generally considered safe, research is still in its early stages, and some potential side effects have been observed. Consumers should be aware of possible adverse reactions, including:
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Dry mouth – CBG may reduce saliva production, leading to a sensation of dryness in the mouth.
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Changes in appetite – Some users report increased hunger, while others experience a decrease in appetite.
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Drowsiness or alertness – Depending on the dosage and individual response, CBG may cause mild sedation or increased energy.
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Possible interactions with medications – Since CBG interacts with the endocannabinoid system, it may affect how the body metabolizes certain medications. Those taking prescription drugs should consult a healthcare professional before using CBG.
CBG vs. Other Cannabinoids: What Sets It Apart?
CBG differs from CBD, THC, and other cannabinoids in several ways:
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It is non-psychoactive, meaning it does not produce a “high.”
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It directly interacts with both CB1 and CB2 receptors, whereas CBD influences the endocannabinoid system indirectly.
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It shows potential in treating specific conditions that THC and CBD may not target as effectively.
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It is found in broad-spectrum and full-spectrum products, allowing consumers to experience its effects alongside other cannabinoids.
CBG vs. CBD
CBG and CBD are both non-psychoactive cannabinoids found in the cannabis plant, but they have distinct properties and effects. CBG is often referred to as the “mother” of all cannabinoids because it is the precursor to CBD, and THC.
While both CBG and CBD have anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiety effects, CBG is noted for its more energizing and uplifting properties, compared to the often more sedating effects of CBD.
Additionally, CBG has shown promise in reducing anxiety and inflammation, making it a potential alternative to conventional anxiety medications without the risk of cognitive or motor impairments.
CBG in Human Studies & Future Research
Although human clinical trials on CBG are still limited, interest in its therapeutic potential is growing. Washington State University and other research institutions are conducting ongoing and future studies to better understand CBG’s effects.
Early results are promising, but further investigation is needed to confirm its full range of benefits.
The Future of CBG
As research on CBG continues, its therapeutic applications are expected to expand. Studies suggest CBG may be beneficial for treating anxiety disorders, chronic pain, and inflammatory diseases. Additionally, the combination of CBG with other cannabinoids like CBD and THC may lead to enhanced therapeutic benefits.
As the cannabis industry evolves, CBG is emerging as a significant player in the world of natural health and wellness. For those interested in exploring CBG, broad-spectrum and full-spectrum cannabis extract products offer a natural way to experience its potential benefits.